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A. G. CAMPBELL. MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS ORTHE LIKE. No. 569,406.

Patented Oct. 13, 1896.

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No. 569,406. Patented 0st. 13, 1896.

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. ATTORNEY )ns spams was 00. movoumo. WASHINDYON n c NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREIV C. CAMPBELL, OF IYATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE E. .I. MANVILLE MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS OR THE LIKE.

I SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,406. dated October 13, 1896.

Application filed October 21, 1895. Serial No. 566,302. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, ANDREW O. CAMPBELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at \Yatel-bury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Making Rivets or the Like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of machines employed for making rivets or like articles wherein the machine is adapted to feed the wire or rod up to a stop, cut off a blank to the proper length, carry the blank into the path of the punch, form a head on it, and then expel the finished article. All of these successive operations are performed automatically, and in some cases the machine is provided with two punches, which are automatically shifted into position successively, the heading being completed by two blows.

The object of my invention, which is herein described as embodied in a two-blow machine, is, in part, to improve the mechanism which imparts the reciprocating motion to the punches, whereby said motion is made more effective at the proper moment, in part to improve the punchshifting mechanism, in part to improve the wire-cutting mechanism, in part to an improved locking mechanism for the punches, in part to an improved mechanism for expelling the finished rivet or article, and in part to improve other features of the construction which will be referred to hereinafter.

The invention will be fully described here inafter and its novel features carefully defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of the machine on a comparatively small scale, partly in section at the left to show the expelling mechanism; and Fig. 1 is a vertical section on line in Fig. 1.. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine on the same scale as Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 3, and S" are fragmentary views, on a larger scale than the principal figures, illustrating the punch-shifting mechanism and adjacent features. Figs. -i and 5 are face views, and Fig. 6 a plan View, on the same scale as Fig. 3, of the mechanism for cutting off and feeding the blank. In

Fig. 6 the machine is represented in section on line co in Fig. 4.. Fig. 7 is a plan, Fig. 8 a side view, and Fig. 9 an end or face View, of the punch-locking mechanism on the same scale as Fig. 3.

1 represents the main frame of the machine; 2, the main shaft; 3, the driving-pulley 011 said shaft, and 4 a counter-shaft driven from the main shaft through the medium of gearwheels 5. These wheels are so proportioned that the main shaft 2 makes two revolutions while the counter-shaft 4 makes one revolution. A rivet is completed at each revolution of the shaft 4.

On the main shaft 2 is an eccentric 6, Fig. 1, embraced by a strap-on a connecting-rod 7, which is coupled at its other end to a gate or cross-head 8, mounted to play in guides 8 on the main frame. This gate carries the punches, and the eccentric 6 thus imparts to said punches two reciprocating movements at each complete operation of the machine. The travel of the gate will remain constant, of course, but in order that the point of termination of the stroke may be varied to a limited extentto vary the thickness of the rivet-head, for example-a block 9 (see Fig. 1) is mounted in a hollow or recess in the gate 8, and tapered keys 10 and 10 are fitted into the spaces infront of and behind said block, said keys being mounted in overhanging lugs 11 on the gate 8 and provided with nuts on their screw-threaded upper ends for setting them up or down. By this means the block 0 may be adjusted with great nicety in the gate.

The rounded head 7 of the connecting-rod 7, Fig. 1, has a bearing in the block 9, and means are provided, as will now be described for retaining the lubricant at this bearing. This concave bearing in the block comprises about one-half of a circle and extends rearwardly under the head 7 while above the head there is a recess 9 which extends forward and is adapted to receive and hold a 5 rather thick lubricant. I find that with this form of bearing the lubricant will be retained for a considerable time, or until gradually dissipated.

The two punches 12 and 12 are set in a holder 13, which is secured to the face of a punch-slide 14, mounted in a suitable vertical guideway in the front end of the gate 8, such slide being adapted to play up and down to an extent sufficient to bring the punches alternately into the punching position. In Fig. 3 the upper punch 12 is represented as in position, for punching the slide 14 being depressed. This viewillustrates the mechanism for operating the punch-slide, together with the parallel motion which permits the punches to reciprocate without disturbing the movements of the punches up and down. On the counter-shaft at is fixed a cam 15, shown as a disk with a cam-groove of the proper form. A cam-rod 16 has a forked bearing 011 the shaft 4 and a stud 17, which engages said cam-groove. The cam-rod 16 is coupled to an arm 18 on a rock-shaft 10, mounted on the main frame, whereby the cam 15 rocks said shaft. On the rock-shaft 19 are two arms 20, which are coupled by links 21 to the middle of a link 22, which latter is coupled at its upper end to the punch-slide 14 and at its lower end to a link 23. This link is pivotally connected to the main frame at its other end. The mechanism last described permits the cam 15 to shift the punches up and down at the proper times, without reference to their reciprocating movements. Fig. 3 shows but one arm 20 and link 21, as one of these pairs of arms and links is situated in this side view directly behind the other; but the construction will be readily understood by any good mechanic without further illustration.

It isessential that the extent of elevation and depression of the punches shall be very accurately maintained, and this I effect by making the length of the cam-rod 16 adjustable, so as to properly set the punches, and by making the connection of the said camrod with the arm 18 adjustable, so that the throw or travel of the punch-slide may be accurately adjusted. These adjusting means may be of a kind well understood in all machine-shops and need not be herein particularly described. Itis also essential that the punch-slide be stopped and locked in both of its terminal positions, so that the punches will be invariably brought to the exact position required and held firmly in that position .while operating.

The stop device comprises an overhanging lug 24 on the gate 8, a set-screw 25, set in a lug 26 on the top of the punch-slide to limit and stop the downward movement of the slide, and a screw-rod 27, Fig. 9, secured adjustably in the lug 21 and sliding in a hole in the lug 26, said rod having a head or nut on its upper end, which engages the upper face of the lug 26 and limits the upward movement of the punch-slide.

The locking device for the punch-slide 14L comprises a spring-bolt 28, Figs. '7, 8, and 9, mounted in a horizontal keeper or hearing on the gate, here shown as formed in the lug 24., the nose of the bolt taking above a stud or projection 29 on the back of the punch-slide when the latter is depressed and taking below said stud when the punch -slide is elevated. Thus in either of its terminal positions the slide will be locked between said bolt and one of its terminal stops, so that it can be moved neither up nor down. The nose of the bolt and preferably the stud 29 will be slightly beveled, so that the bolt will have a wedging action to force the slide against the adjustable stops. The lug 24 may extend up close to the rear face of the punch-slide and be slotted for the play of the projection 29 up and down. To withdraw the bolt at the proper time, so that the punch-slide may be shifted, I employ the device best seen in Figs. 1 and 7. On the gate 8 is mounted an elbow-lever or rocker, onearm, 30, of which engages the bolt 28 and the other arm, 31, of which carries a roller, (by preference,) which is adapted to impinge on a cam 32 on the main frame or a fixed part at the proper time and rocks the elbow-lever, thus drawing back the bolt 28. The bolt will, of course, be withdrawn at the time the punches are being shifted.

It will be noted that my stop device and lock for the punch-slide is such as to admit of the punch being vertically adjusted as may be required, the lock device being selfadjusting in conformity therewith. This is an important feature in rivet-machines.

I do not claim, broadly, a stop device and lock for punches in a rivet-machine.

The mechanism for feeding the wire or rod into the machine to be cut into blanks will be or may be of the kind usually employed in this class of machines and will require only a brief general description. On the counter-shaft at, Fig. l, is a crank 33, to which is coupled a connecting-rod 34, adapted to 0perate a pawl or pawls 35, thus imparting an intermittent rotary motion to the shaft of one of a pair of wire-feeding grooved wheels 36. In Fig. 1, or: represents the wire or rod, which is thus fed through a guide in the mainframe up to an adjustable stop 37, which is also well known in this class of machines. In emerging from its guide in the frame the wire passes through the jaws of the cutter and blank-carrier up to the stop. The end 37 of the wire-guide adjacent to the cutter, Fig. 6, is a tube of hardened steel, adapted to-form one jaw of the shearing-cutter, and the movable clamping-jaw of this cutter is carried by a reciprocating slide operated by a mechanism well known in this class of machines and therefore not requiring more than a brief general description. To a crank-pin in the gearwheel 5 on the counter-shaft,Fig. 2, is coupled a connecting-rod 38, which rod is coupled at its other end to a cam-slide 39, adapted to reciprocate in a guideway in a part 1 of the main frame. In the cam-slide 39 is formed a cam-groove, which is engaged by a stud or pin in the slide 40, which carries the movable clamping-jaw of the wire-cutter, this latter slide having a sliding bearing in the part 1 arranged transversely to the path of the camslide 39.

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 illustrate the novel features of the cutter and carrying-clamp; but before describing the same I will state that in these devices, as ordinarily constructed, the force required to shear off the wire or red tends to deflect the blank cut oif out of line with the path of the wire and of the punches, whereby the cut is made somewhat oblique and the blank so presented to the punch that it is apt to be bent or buckled. This is due to the fact that the movable clamping-jaw is held down by spring-pressure only,such yielding pressure being required to permit the clamp in its withdrawal after delivering a blank to free itself from the latter forcibly and quickly after the punch has struck the blank and driven it partly into the die. To obviate this defect, I provide a simple device for locking the jaw positively on the wire during the cutting operation, but so adapted also as to leave it free to yield when the clam p is disengaging itself from the blank. This jaw-locking device is best illustrated in Figs. 4and 5, which are alike, exceptthat in Fig. 4 the clamp is shown in position for receiving the rod or wire, while in Fig. 5 the clamp is represented in its advanced or delivering position. The limiting-stop 37 is omitted from Fig. 4.

The fixed jaw 41 of the clamp is a hardened plate secured to the slide 40, and the movable jaw 42 is hinged to the slide or fixed jaw and is held closed by a spring 43. IVhen the jaws are closed, they are adapted to embrace the protruding wire or rod .90 closely, the movable jaw taking over said wire and in front of it, while the fixed jaw embraces it on the opposite side. IVhen the clamp is in the receiving position seen in Fig. 4, an elevation or slight hump on the movable jaw 42 takes under a firmly-fixed bracket 44 on the main frame, so that when the wire has been fed into the clamp and the latter starts forward to shear it off the movable jaw cannot rise or yield by reason of the bracket 44. Only a very slight forward movement is required to shear ofi the wire or rodnot more than onehalf the diameter of the rodand as soon as this is effected the strain will be removed. Therefore the parts are so constructed that in its further forward movement to carry the blank cut off to the path of the punches (the terminal position seen in Fig. 5) the movable jaw passes out from under the bracket 44', leaving said jaw under the control of the spring 43 alone. At the moment the blank is brought into line with the punches and with the die 45 (seen in Fig. 6) the punch advances and drives the blank through the jaws of the clamp into the bore of the die; but as soon as the end of the blank becomes securely lodged in the die the clamp will be suddenly withdrawn, the movable j aw being forced upward by the blank and the spring 43 yielding to permit the jaw to rise.

I will now describe the mechanism employed for expelling the finished article at the conclusion of each operation of the machine, referring especially to Figs. 1, 3, 3, 3 and 6.

In the bore in the die 45 is loosely fitted a sliding abutment-pin 46. (Seen best in Fig. (3.) This pin is the limiting-stop of the blank. In a bore in the solid framebehind the pin 46 is fitted a knocking-out bolt 47, (seen in Fig. 1,) the head of which projects beyond the frame, as seen at the left in Fig. 1, where the frame is broken away. In the frame is mounted a horizontal]y-arranged lever-hammer 4S, pivoted at 49 and having its head arranged to impinge upon the bolt 47. Through a slot in the hammer 48 extends an operating-rod 50, provided with an adjustable head 5O exterior to and taking against the back of the hammer. This rod plays in a guideway or bore in the frame and in its inner end it has a slotted head 50.

The mechanism for operating the hammer 48 through the medium of the rod 50 is clearly illustrated in Figs. 3, 3, and 3 the latter comprising both a longitudinal and a transverse section of the slotted head of the rod 50. On the counter-shaft 4 is fixed a cam 51, Fig. 3, which acts on a stud-roller 52 on a camrod 53, said rod being forked and guided on the shaft 4. This rod 53 is coupled to the lower end of a rocking lever 53, fulcrumed at 54 on the machine-frame and having at its upper end a circular head 53 Fig. 3", which has a bearing in a sliding block 55 in the slot in the head 5O of the operating-rod 50. At the proper time in the operation of the machine-that is, when the punch has completed the second blow and has withdraWn the cam 51 acts suddenly on the rod 50, and through it on the lever-hammer 48, to drive out the finished article by driving in the knock-outbolt and abutment-pin. As soon as the cam 51 passes, a spring 56, attached at one end to the rod 53 and at the other end to a stud 57 in the frame, retracts the parts.

As the rivet or other article headed or upset in the operation is very apt to stick fast in the die, I employ the cam 51 to force it out by positive action and do not rely on a spring, althoughthe spring 56 may be employed to retract the parts.

When the punch drives the blank into the die 45, the blank drives back the abutmentpin, the knock-out bolt, and the free end of the lever-hammer 48 until the back of the head of the latter is arrested by an adjustable stop 56 on the frame, this stop being designed to resist the blow of the punch. The abutment-pin 46 and knock-out bolt 47 might be one, but for convenience of adapting the pin to dies 45 of different diameters I prefer to construct them separately and have a pin for each die.

It is most convenient to have the blank carrier move in a horizontal plane and the punclrslide to move, in shifting, in a vertical plane, but this is not essential to my invenlion.

Having thus described my lllVOlltlOll, I Claim- 1. In a two-blow machine for heading rivets and the like, the combination with the re ciprocating punchcarrier, the punch-slide mounted on the same, and the punches, of the mechanism forshifting said slide, comprising a rotating shaft, a cam 15 on said shaft, a guided connecting-rod 16, having a stud 17 adapted to engage said cam, a rock-shaft 19, provided with an arm 18, coupled to the rod 16 and an arm 20, a link 22, coupled at one end to the punch-slide and at the other end to a link 23, the said link 23, coupled at one end to the main frame, and a link 21, which is coupled at one end to the arm 20, and at the other end to the middle of the link 22; whereby a parallel motion is formed which permits the punches to reciprocate without interfering with their shifting movements, substantially as set forth.

2. In a machine for heading rivets and the like, the combination with the gate, the eccentric and yoke on the main shaft for operating the same, the said main shaft, a die, an abutment-pin, and a knock-out bolt, of the lever-hammer 48, pivoted or fulcru med in the frame and adapted to impinge upon the' knock-out bolt, the operating-rod 50, mounted in a bearing in the frame and having a head at its outer end which engages said leverhammer as described, a rotating shaft 4, driven from the main shaft at one-half the speed of the latter, a cam on said shaft 4, and lever mechanism intermediate said cam and the operating-rod 50, whereby said cam actuates the operating-rod, the lever 48, and the knockout pin, to expel the finished rivet, substantially as set forth.

In a machine for making rivets and the like, the combination, with the frame, having guides for the gate, the said gate, a rotating shaft 2, in the frame, an eccentric on said shaft for operating the gate, a coupling-block 9, mounted adj ustably in a recess in the gate, a connecting-rod 7 connecting said eccentric with the block 9, a punch-carrying slide and punches on the gate, and mechanism intermediate said shaft 2 and said slide for shifting the punches, of adj Listing-keys 10 and 10 at the respective ends of said coupling-block 9, for adjusting it with respect to the gate, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination with the rotating shaft 2, the eccentric 6 on said shaft, the connecting-rod 7, having a yoke embracing the eccentric and a circular coupling-head 7 of the coupling-block 9, having in it a bearing to receive the head 7 said bearing extending rearwardly or toward the driving-shaft under the shaft to form areceptacle to catch the lubricant, and having a recess 9 above said head to retain a lubricant, substantially as set forth.

5. In a machine for making rivets and the like, the combination with a guide and feeding mechanism for the wire or rod, of mechanism for clamping on and shearing off the blank, said mechanism comprising areciprocating clamp having a fixed jaw and a movable clamping-jaw carried by the fixed jaw, and a jaw -locking device, comprising a bracket or abutment on the frame in position to take over the movable jaw while the device is in the cutting position and keep the jaws firmly locked on the wire, substantially as set forth.

6. In atwo-blow machine for heading rivets and the like, the combination with the punchcarrying gate, the punch-slide and punches, and punch-shifting mechanism, of stops for limiting the movement of the punch-slide in both directions, comprising an overhanging lug 24, on the gate, a lug 26 on the punchslide, a screw-rod 27, in the lug 24, and a screw 25, in the lug 26, the rod 27 extending through a hole in the lug 26, and having a head on its upper end adapted to engage the upper surface of the lug 26, and an automatic mechanism for locking the punches in their terminal positions, comprising a spring-bolt 28, on the gate, the beveled nose of which is adapted to engage a shoulder on the punchslide in both of its positions, an elbow-lever fulcrumed on the gate, one arm of which engages the spring-bolt and the other bears on a cam 32, on the main frame, and the said cam, substantially as set forth.

7. In a machine for heading rivets and the like, the combination with the gate, the eccentric and yoke on the main shaft for operating the same, the said main shaft, a die, an abutment-pin, and a knock-out bolt, of the lever-hammer 48, pivoted or fulcrumed in the frame and adapted to i mpinge upon the knockout bolt, the operating-rod 50, mounted in a bearing in the frame and having a head at its outer end which engages said lever-hammer as described, a rotating shaft 4, driven from the main shaft at one-half the speed of the latter, a cam 51, on said shaft 4, a cam-rod 53, bearing a roller 52 upon which the cam 51 bears, a spring 56, for retracting the rod 53, and a lever 53, fulcrumed on the main frame, one arm of ,said lever being coupled to the cam-rod 53 and the other arm being coupled to the rod 50, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREYV C. CAMPBELL.

Vitnesses:

HARRY PILGRIM, NATHL. R. BRONSON. 

